This reviewer, made for the upcoming summative test, is based on the files provided from the teacher of the particular subject.
Erikson’s theory posits that development is lifelong and influenced by social relationships. Each stage involves a "Basic Conflict" that must be resolved to develop a specific "Virtue."
Stage | Age | Basic Conflict | Virtue | Key Description & Examples |
|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 0–1 Year | Trust vs. Mistrust | Hope | Infants rely on caregivers. Consistent care builds security; neglect leads to fear. |
2 | 1–3 Years | Autonomy vs. Shame & Doubt | Will | Toddlers explore independence (walking/feeding). Support builds confidence; overcontrol leads to doubt. |
3 | 3–6 Years | Initiative vs. Guilt | Purpose | Children plan activities and imaginative play. Encouragement builds purpose; restriction leads to guilt. |
4 | 6–12 Years | Industry vs. Inferiority | Competence | Focus on learning skills. Success builds competence; repeated failure or criticism results in low self-esteem. |
5 | 12–18 Years | Identity vs. Role Confusion | Fidelity | Adolescents explore beliefs and future goals. Resolution leads to a strong sense of self; failure leads to uncertainty. |
6 | Young Adulthood | Intimacy vs. Isolation | Love | Seeking meaningful relationships. Success leads to emotional connection; failure leads to loneliness. |
7 | Middle Adulthood | Generativity vs. Stagnation | Care | Contributing to society/raising family. Success brings productivity; lack of purpose leads to stagnation. |
8 | Late Adulthood | Integrity vs. Despair | Wisdom | Reflecting on life. Fulfillment leads to integrity; regret leads to despair/unhappiness. |
This is a life-span view of career development, partitioning working life into five distinct stages based on maturity and vocational behavior.
Growth Stage (Birth – 14 Years)
Focus: Developing interests, abilities, and attitudes toward work.
Influences: Self-concept is shaped by family, school, and early experiences.
Example: A child who enjoys drawing dreams of being an artist.
Exploration Stage (15 – 24 Years)
Focus: Trying new experiences and making career decisions.
Key Tasks: Choosing a Senior High School (SHS) strand, college degree, or specific training.
Example: An SHS student deciding on a specific career path.
Establishment Stage (25 – 44 Years)
Focus: Entering the workforce and building a career.
Key Tasks: Gaining experience, achieving stability, and seeking promotions.
Example: An employee working hard to become a supervisor.
Maintenance Stage (45 – 64 Years)
Focus: Maintaining position and improving performance.
Key Tasks: Adapting to workplace changes and updating skills.
Example: A teacher attending seminars to learn new strategies.
Decline / Disengagement Stage (65 Years and Above)
Focus: Reducing work responsibilities and preparing for retirement.
Key Tasks: Shifting focus to personal life, family, and leisure.
The lesson uses Olympic Gold Medalist Hidilyn Diaz to illustrate Donald Super’s Theory:
Growth: Introduced to weightlifting by a cousin in Zamboanga.
Exploration: Competed in local/national events; participated in the 2008 Beijing Olympics at age 17.
Establishment: Won Silver in 2016 (Rio) and Gold in 2020 (Tokyo); solidified her identity as a national icon.
Maintenance: Currently mentoring younger athletes and engaging in business ventures.
Disengagement (Future): Expected transition to full-time coaching or community leadership.
Erikson = 8 Stages of Psychosocial development (Social).
Super = 5 Stages of Career development (Vocational).
Adolescence Stage (12-18): The conflict is Identity vs. Role Confusion; the virtue is Fidelity.
Young Adulthood Stage: The conflict is Intimacy vs. Isolation; the virtue is Love.
Growth vs. Exploration: Growth is about awareness; Exploration is about trial and decision-making.
Protective Factors
These are the factors that can benefit you and be of good/positive influence towards you.
Relational Protective Factors
Protective Factors that roots from other people/close relations.
Individual Protective Factors
Protective Factors that comes from self characteristics/traits.
Risk Factors
Factors that provides negative influence towards you.
Relational Risk Factors
Risk factors that comes from someone else.
Individual Risk Factors
Risk factors that comes from self characteristics/traits.
Proactive Action
Taking steps/acts to prevent problems.
Late Adolescene to Early Adulthood
Transition (from ages 18-25) that is marked by significant changes in educatiob, career, relationships, and personal identity.
Individuals move from dependence to independence and self exploration.
Self-Concept:
The understanding individuals have about themselves.
Self-Image - How you see yourself
Self-Worth - How you value yourself
Ideal Self - Who/What you want to be
Well-being
State of overall happiness, health, and life satisfaction.
Includes physical, emotional, and social aspects that contribute to a fulfilling life.
Development Areas:
Physiological - physical aspects
Phychosocial - social/relational aspects
Emotional - aspects that involves emotional intelligence
3 CORE ASPECTS OF SELF-CONCEPT:
Self-Image
Self-Worth
Ideal Self
Self-Esteem - overall sense of self-worth
Self-Image - how you see yourself
Self-Efficacy - your judgement of your own abilities
Self-Awareness - conscious awareness of your thoughts, feelings, behaviour, and traits
Self-Acceptance - ability to acknowledge and embrace all aspects of yourself without judgement
Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES)
Developed by Morris Rosenbergthis
Most used tool to measure global self-esteem.
Used to give students a direct reading of how much they value and accept themselves.
Robson Self-Concept Questionnaire (SCQ)
​Developed by Philip Robson
Way to get multidimensional feedback on your sense of self.
Breaks down your self-concept into 7 distinct domains, including your subjective sense of significance, worthiness, and social acceptability.
VIA Character Strengths Test (Values in Action)
Developed by positive psychologists
Maps out an individual's unique character strengths (like grit, curiosity, kindness, or leadership).
Helps dentify your core character strengths and gives a literal blueprint of your internal protective factors, helping you choose career paths and handle life's vulnerabilities using your natural advantages.